#Nov._9_1938_Kristallnacht
نهم_نوامبر_(دیروز)_1938_#کریستالنشت#
(#Night_of_Broken_Glass)
(شب_شیشه_شکسته#)
نهم_نوامبر_(دیروز)_1938_#کریستالنشت#
(#Night_of_Broken_Glass)
(شب_شیشه_شکسته#)
THIS DAY IN HISTORY
https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/kristallnacht-night/?fbclid=IwAR38d6EEvsaYyR0kQqHwCioOu15kNk16xIyRHUuRzTpySRDzwsqMvu7Jh2w
https://www.zinnedproject.org/news/tdih/kristallnacht-night/?fbclid=IwAR38d6EEvsaYyR0kQqHwCioOu15kNk16xIyRHUuRzTpySRDzwsqMvu7Jh2w
ترجمه از: پیمان پایدار
Time Periods: Prosperity, Depression, & World War II: 1920 - 1944
Themes: Democracy & Citizenship, World History/Global Studies
On Nov. 9-10, 1938, in Germany and Austria, there was organized terrorism by Nazis against Jews, marking an escalation in the violence. Hundreds of synagogues were destroyed, 7,500 Jewish-owned businesses, homes, and schools were plundered; 91 Jews were murdered, and 30,000 Jewish men were arrested and sent to concentration camps. It was called Reichspogromnacht (Kristallnacht).
As in the photo below in Baden-Baden, too many in the towns — and the world — looked on.
همانطور که در عکس زیر در بادن-بادن، بسیاری در شهرها و جهان نگاه می کردند.
Here is a description from the United States Holocaust Museum:
در اینجا یک شرح از موزه هولوکاست ایالات متحده :
Over the next 48 hours, violent mobs, spurred by antisemitic exhortations from Nazi officials, destroyed hundreds of synagogues, burning or desecrating Jewish religious artifacts along the way. Acting on orders from Gestapo headquarters, police officers and firefighters did nothing to prevent the destruction.
در عرض 48 ساعت بعدی، لاتهای خشن، که توسط احکام ضد یهودی از سوی مقامات نازی مورد تشویق قرار گرفته بودند، در سر راهشان صدها کنیسه را نابود کردند، و به سوزاندن و بی حرمتی کردن شاخص های مذهبی یهودی پرداختند. به پیروی از دستورات مراکز گشتاپو، افسران پلیس و آتش نشانان هیچ کاری برای جلوگیری از تخریب انجام ندادند.
Nazi officials immediately claimed that the Jews themselves were to blame for the riots, and a fine of one billion Reichsmarks (about $400 million at 1938 rates) was imposed on the German Jewish community. Read more.
For middle school students, one book we recommend is Tropical Secrets by Margarita Engle about Jews who found refuge in Cuba after their ship had been turned away by the United States.
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